Typewriting machine



L. A. THATCHER TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed June 11, 1 925 2 Sheets-Sheet l PLAN V/[W Aug. 21, 1928. 1,681,312

L. A. THATCHER TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed June 11, 1925 Q 2 Sheets-Sheet 2- PLAN V/[W Patented Aug. 21, 1928.

UNITED STATES v 1,681,312 PATENT OFFICE.

LINDEN A. THATCHER, 0F IBELLEVILLE, NEW-JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO UN DERWOOD ELLIOTT FISHER COMPANY, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TYLPEWRI'IING MACHINE.

Application filed .Tunell, 1925.

distances in either direction for fractionalspacing, or rotated forwardly through fixed predetermined micrometric hnespace dis-' tances in a line-space direction by the manipulation of the line-space lever.

In the patent to Stickney, dated J anuary 5, 1926, No. 1,568,426, a micrometer adjus ment is provided for determining the basis and the final adjustment of a single linespace unit, with a multiple space regulating stop-mechanism to predetermine a multiple of the unit as 1, 1 2 and 2 or 3 for a full line-spacerotation of the platen. This mechanism includes a horizontally-disposed Worm always in train with the platen and having a pawl-and lratchet mechanism to be driven by a pinion, with a horizontally reciprocable rack having a direct connection to the line-space lever. This structure is further improved in the Stickney patent,

r dated March 30, 1926, No. 1,578,294, where the mechanism is condensed and where the platen is rotated by a vertically-disposed pinion-driven 'Worm; the pinion being in train with a gear-sector forming a part of the linespaee lever. Between the worm and pinion, two clutch'members were arranged that normally permit the free rotation of the platen in either direction, but were rendered effective as clutching elements to convey the rotation of the worm to the platen at the initial swing of the sector by the line space lever in line-spacing. Provision was also made for a screw micrometric adjustment between the line-space lever and the line-spacing stop to micrometrically establish a unit ofline-space distance for the swing of the line-space lever to a stop position, and the stop position was changeable by increasing the sweep of the lever i proportionately to the multiples of the unit required for a full line-spacing rotation of the platen. V

In the Steele patent, dated October 19, 1926, No. 1,603.811, a spiral gear on the platen-shaft is in positivetrain with the Vertically-disposed spiral pinion driven by clutch-elements that include differentially-disposed clutch-dogs rendered operative by the initial rotation of a rack-driven pinion, the rack be ng reciprocated by the has Serial No. 36,347.

space'lever, which has a stop-element adjustably secured thereto for multiple unitspacing and co-operative with the stop on the framemicrometrically adjustable to establish the spacing unit.

The present invention includes modifications of certain features disclosed in these prior organizations, as by the reduction of the number of co-operative parts; substi tuting for the slow-acting screw a micrometrical adjusting means that may be quickly and positively set to establish a linespace unit; multiple-spacing mcchanismoperative by advancing the backstop position of the line-space lever by the rotatable scroll stop-niember mounted upon the axis of the line-space lever; a scroll cam operative to establish a fulcrum-point position for a platen-driving stud and providing for the assembly of the new parts without changing the factory-built parts of the standard machine.

Another feature includes micrometric adjusting means that are settable to an index are quickly settable, which is an improvement upon the slow-moving screw-setting stop employed in some prior structures. 6

To this end, the platen is rotated by a pair of spiral gears, the larger gear thereof bcing fixed to the platen-shaft outside the carria-ge-end, and the smaller gear or pinion formed with a spindle to carry a ratchettoothed element, forming one part of a twopart interlocking clutch, the two parts thereof being normally separated and inoperative, but are brought into operative relation by the initial movement of the line-space lever. The second clutch-element thereof carries a pinion driven by a gearsector pivoted on the frame and operated by a. bar connection to one arm of a bell-crank pivotally secured to the linespace lever and adjustable thereto. This Whole mechanism is assembled outsidethe carriage end frame, where adjustment may be made Without dismantling the platen from the carriage.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear. ii

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a plan view of a left-hand end of an Underwood carriage, showing the line-spacing mechanism, made the subjectmatter of this invention, assembled thereto in operative relation to the platen for a linespaeing movement equivalent to three linespace unitssome of the parts being broken away to disclose other operative parts underneath.

Figure 2 is an end view of Figure 1, with some of the parts broken away, and other parts shown in section.

Figure 3 is a sectional view through the carriage-end and clutch mechanism, on a plane indicated on the lines 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary plan view, some of the parts being broken away and other parts in section, to show in detail two extreme adjustable positions for the driving bell-crank on the line-space lever, and also a detail view of the adjustable stop that determines the normal position of the linespace lever.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view illustrating in outline, the relative movements of the line-space lever and bell-crank, to the driving gear-sector and pinion, for the longest and shortest triple line-spacing positions.

Figure 6 is a skeleton plan view, showing the line space lever in normal position, and the single linespace adjusting element set for the shortest line-space unit, and the line-space lever set for three multiples of this unit.

Figure 7 shows the parts of Figure (5 moved to positions assumed by these parts at the end of a line-spacing movement.

Figure 8 shows the normal position of the line-space lever after it has been shifted by the adjusting element to operative position for a one-and-one-halt multiple of a single line-space unit, and the driving bell-crank thereon adjusted to the position of the longest single-line-s 'iace unit.

Figure 9 shows the several parts adjusted in the position of Figure 1, shifted to assume the positions at the end of a line-spacing movement for a triple line-space distance.

Figure 10 is a detail view, in perspective, showing the formation and construction of the driving bell-crank pivotally mounted upon the line-space lever.

The usual Underwood cylindrical platen is secured to a platen-shatt 16, journalcd in aplaten-l rame 17, suspended upon arms 18 and pivoted to the carriage to provide an up-and-down shifting movement of the platen-frame 17 within a carriage-frame 19 for upper and lower case typing.

The platen 15 is line-spaced to feed the work-sheet by a horizontal reciprocable line-space lever :20 fulcrumed upon a stud 21 fixed to the carriage-frame 19 in the usual Underwood manner. The line-space lever 20 is formed with an ear 22 that provides a support and a bearing for a bellcrank 23 held in pivotal relation therewith by a pivot-pin 24. This bell-crank 23, as shown at Figure 10, is formed with an upper section having two arms 25 and 26 to bear upon the upper face of the ear 22 and joined by a strap-yoke 27 to a single arm 28 to bear against the under face of the ear and align with the arm 25. The arms 25 and 28 are joined together at their ends by a vertical pivot-stud 29 to provide a long pivotal connection for a push-bar 30 that .extends rearwardly therefrom, and the rear free end thereof connected to an arcuate gearsector 31, as by a pivot-stud 32 depending from the lower face of said gearsector. This push-bar 30 normally assumes a horizontal plane, between the sector and the stud 29 to rest upon the arm 28 of the bell-crank, and as this bar must be shifted with the platen-frame 17, the forward turned-down end 33 of the cover-plate 34 is slotted through the edge thereof at 35 to receive and guide the bar 30 to maintain parallelism for the. bar, and also to shift the forward end of the bar up or down on the stud 29 when a platen-shift movement takes place, without disturbing the related leverages between the eo-acting parts.

The ear-sector 31 is positioned under a horizontally-disposed plate 36 secured to the upper face of the platen-frame 17, as by screws 37, and formed. with a hub that provides a long bearing for the sector upon a pivot-stud 39 depending from the under side of the plate 36; said sector being removably retained on the stud for a free rotation thereon by suitable means, such as a check-nut -10.

The gear-sector 31 drives a pinion -l-l rotatable about a vertically-disposed spindle 42 that takes a hearing within the plate 36 at the upper end and within a bracket 43 at the lower end thereof; said bracket being secured to the platen-frame. The pinion -11 is formed with a circular flange or disk ll that carries two round-nose lugs to on the under face thereof. diametrically opposite each other, and arranged to enter recesses 16 formed transversely through an annular rim 47 ot a disk having a diameter equal to the diameter of the flange 44- and recessed to form an annular rim -19 on. the under side, through which are cut fine ratchet-crown teeth. The pinion ell and disk 48 have a free rotary movement about the spindle 42, and also have a limited up-and-down movement thereon; and the disk -18 may be formed with a hub 50 on the under side thereof to provide a long bearing on the spindle 42.

The ratchet-teeth of the disk 48 form one part of a two-part clutch-element, and the other part includes a head 51 re"essed at the top face to promote the cutting of ratchet crown-teeth therethrough similar to the teeth of the disk 48, except that they have a right and left hand relation to provide that the clutch-elements may interlock with each other, the head being permanently secured to the spindle 42 by a pin 51. The head 51 is formed with a counter-bored chamber 52 for a compression spring 53 compressed be tween the bottom of the chamber and the under face of the disk 48, the action thereof tending to raise the disk 48, the disk 44 and the pinion 41 to normally separate the teeth of the two clutch-elements and force the pinion 41 to bear against the under face of the plate 36.

From the description up to this point, the line-spacing movements of the lever 20 and the bell-crank 23 move the push-bar 3O rearwardly to vibrate the gear-seam 31, to rotate the pinion 41 and its flange 44, and through the lugs 45 idly rotate the disk 48. The recesses 46, however, are formed with angular wedging faces 54, and the initial rotary movement of the lugs 45 will cam the disk 48 downwardly rather than rotate it, because of the drag from the spring 53 hearing against the under face of the disk to prevent a free rotation thercof. The initial rotation of the pinion 41 having brought the crowmteeth of the two elements 48 and 51 into a toothed interlock, further rotation of the pinion will cause the head 51 and spindle 42 to rotate in unison with the disk 48 to the end of the line-spacing stroke, and, during this rotary movement of the pinion 41, the lugs bearing against the angular faces of the disk 48 provide a locking means to positively hold the toothed elements in engagement and also check the tendency of the platen to overthrow its position at theend of the line-spacing movement through a displacement of the clutch-elements.

To convey the rotary motion of the head 51 to the platen, a spiral toothed pinion 55 is secured to the spindle 42 in any wellknown manner, and is in operative mesh with a larger spiral-toothed-gear 56 formed with a hub 57 by which it may be secured to the platen-shaft 16. The movement of the pinion in a reverseclockwise direction will, rotate the platen in a line-space direction, and when a line-spacing movement is completed and the line-space lever is released and restored to normal position, the initial reverse motion of the pinion will withdraw the two lugs 45 from angular faces of the disk 48. which releases said disk to the action of the spring 53, to raise the disk and break the interlock between the two toothed ele-, ments, when the legs will pick up the disk 48 and restore it to a normal position.

Should it be required to rotate the platen in either direction for spaces longer than a line-space distance, the turning of the fingerwheel will rotate the platen in the usual manner and also rotate the gear 56, which in turn rotates thepinion 55, the head 51 and the spindle 42 idly in either direction.

Should it be required to rotatethe platen for a minute adjustment to a ruled-line position on a work-sheet, or for aligning a typed; line to the printing position for correction,

the upper exposed end of the spindle 42 may be provided with a knurled finger-head 42 to promote turning off the spindle by hand to manually adjust the work-sheet to the aligning-scale position.

In most line-spacing mechanisms the end of the line-space lever movement is ata fixed stop on the frame, and as the intermediate connections to the line-space pawl. are loosely assembled, the stop at the line-space lever does not, of itself, provide a means to check the. inertia of the platen at the end of a linespacing movement. I

In the present structure the employment of s iralears between the drivin s indle '3 b and the platen-shaft, provides a tooth engagement that is close'running and without loss of motion, and the line-space stop has been positioned as close to this gear transmission as possible, by providing the gearsector 31 with a stop-arm 58 arranged to strike the faceof the pinion 41 at the end of each line-spacing movement, and thus render the looseness in the connections be tween the sector and the line-space lever void to cause a variable line-space unit through such looseness.

To incorporate in the line-spacing mechanism means whereby a single line-space unit may be rendered variable for dii'lercnt linespace distances, the bell-crank 23 has means to change the relative position Of'illlG stud 29 to the-axis of the lever 20,,and concurrently change the leverage transmitted by the lever to the driven pinion 41. 'To this end, the arm 26 of the bell-crank 23 is formed with a stud 59 at the end thereof, and by swinging this stud toward and from the axis of said lever, the operative relation between the sector 31 and the pinion 41 may be changed. Various means may be employed to shift the stud for this purpose. In the present form shown, a disk 60 may be assembled upon the free end of the fulcrumstud 21 of the lever 20, as by screw 61 threaded into the free end of said stud, with a friction-washer 62 under compression between the scrcw-head and the disk,to retard therotation of the disk 60. The disk 60 on the underside thereof bears'upon the linespace lever and is formed with a spiral groove 63 arranged to receive the stud 59 ot the bell-crank 23. Rotation of the disk 60 will cause-the stud 59 to follow the path defined by the spiral groove, and cause the bell-crank to vibrate about its pivot 24 beface of the disk 60 to register with the twccn the two extreme positions indicated readily at Figure l: the movement of the disk in either direction being checked through the stud striking the ends of said groove.

It will be particularly noted at Figure t that the pivot 29, at both extreme adjusted shift positions. approximately bisects a line drawn through the two pivotal positions 2% and 3), and that the reactional stress thrown against the bell-crank that would tend to vibrate the hell-crank about its pivot, is very slight, and such stress that exists is positively destroyed by the stud 59 engaging the wall of the groove at right angles thereto, and hence there is no tendency of the transmitted motion from the line-space lever through the bell'crank to disturb the setrelation of the disk 60. The friction element ()2 is employed to merely prevent accidental rotation of the disk from an adjusted position.

To assist in determining the setting of the disk with relation to the stud 59, index graduations, as shown, may be made on tig lnark on the lever 20.

The setting of the disk 60 to the position of Figure (5, where the push-bar has been moved rearwardly to vibrate the sector 31 and the pinion 41 to the positions shown, shortens the operative movement of the sector to the stop 58; the disk having been rotated to bring the stud 59 to the outer end of the slot. which indicates the smallest linespace unit position of said disk. At Figure 1 the disk is shown set where the stud 59 engages the inner end of the groove (33, and the bell-crank positioned to transmit motion for the extreme single linespacing movement for which provision may be made.

A line-spacing mechanism must also make provision for mechanically-set positions, whereby multiples of a single-line-space unit may be had as ratios of 1, 1 2, 2 and 3 units. To this end a cap-plate (5-1 that covers a slot in the frame provided for the line-space lever movement, is formed with an arcuate slot to receive a stop-pin (56 upstanding from the upper face of an arm (i7 pivoted to the under face of the plate (51. The free end of the arm (37 has a stopstud GS projecting from the under t'aee thereof and arranged to stop the return movement of the line-space lever for a normal stop-position. Moving the pin (it; through the. slot varies the position of the stop-stud (i8, and renders the normal stop-position for the lever 20 variable with the adjustment of this pin.

To mechanically control the location of the stud 68, the stop-pin G6 is self-locking and selt-releasing through a multiple-adjusting element 69 pivotally mounted upon the face of the plate 64:, as by a suitable fulcrum-screw 70, and to provide means to turn this adjusting element by hand, a finger-knob 72 projects upwardly therefrom. This adjusting element 9 includes a series of round (lGPIQSSlOHS arranged spirally to the fulcrum-screw 70, to engage with the pin 66 and hold it at variable distances from said screw, and to maintain engagement between the pin 66 and the depressions 70", a spring 73 connects between a pin 74: on the under face of the arm 7 and an car 75 on the plate 4 to urge said pin (36 towards the adjusting element (it). Each depression is separated by a round-nose tongue 76 to enable the pin (36 to ride over the tongue when adjusted by the knob 72, and each depression may be marked to indicate respective multiples of the line-space unit. as 1, 1 2, 2% and 3.

Vith reference to Figure 1, the uniissetting element is shown in position with the longest linespace unit, and the multipleadjusting element is set for a triple linespace movement of the lever 20, both combining to rotate the pinion a maximum rotation to the position of the stop 58, as shown at Figure 9.

At Figure 6 the stud 59 has been shifted by the disk 60 to the end of the groove (13 fnrthermost from the axis of the lever. and which movement swings the other end of the bell-crank 3 to a position nearer to the axis of the lever, and moves the sector 31 to shorten the operative distance between the pinion 41 and the stop 58. The line-space lever is still set for a triple line-space movement. and when this lever is shifted to the position of Figure 7, the several parts are so related that a line-space movement of the lever takes place which is equal to three times the shortest single-linespaee unit provided for. Similarly at Figure 8 the stud 59 is set for the longest single-unit position, and the lever 20 is set for a line-space movement of one and one-half times this singleline unit.

At Figure 5 the two extreme movements of the line-space lever are diagrannnatically shown, where the full lines indicate a triple line-space-shifting movement of the lever. \Vith the relative adjustment of the hellcrank for the longest single-space unit. the pinion -11 will be rotated to the extreme limit of rotation provided for. The same parts shown in dot-and-dash lines indicate a triple-line movement of the lever 20 with the bell-crank shifted to the shortest singleline-space-unit position, and the gearsector advanced to shorten the movement oi stop 58. This diagram discloses a novel transmission of motion when the shortened movementof the line-spaee lever from A to B rotates the platen a maximum line-space distance, and the longer movement of the lever from A to C rotates the platen a minimum line-space distance.

To restore the several movable parts to normal positions, the spring 78 connects with a pin 7 9 on the push-bar 30 and pin 80 on the under side of the cover-plate 34:; the spring urging the line-space lever to its normal inoperative position against the stop'stud 68.

It will-be noted that this line spacing mechanism is comparatively simple in construction considering the various functions that it performs; that the various parts are assembled to a standard typewriting machine with very few changes in existing parts; that the transmitted motion from the line-space lever of the platen is practically without any loss of motion; that the entire mechanism is assembled outside of and with the carriage-end frame as a permanent fixture; that the adjustment of the disk changes the mechanical relation between the pivot 29 and the fulcrum 21 to vary the transmission from the line-space lever and simultaneously change the relation of the sector 31 to the pinion 41. both operating jointly to promote a predetermined linespacing distance for the platen; and that the adjustment of the disk 60 to shift the pivot 29 relative to the axis of the line-space lever, in the novel manner shown and described, provides for a micrometrical control of the motion derived from the line-space lever and transmitted to the push-bar 30 to operate the platen-rotating sector 31.

It will be further noted that the linespacing mechanism is assembled to the carriage as two separate preassembled units, one unit including the geared clutch-members and the other unit including the linespa'ce lever and its associated line-space-determining controls; and that instead of assembling the many parts piece by piece to the carriage, the two units pass through a first assembly operation that is comparatively simple, to become finished stock products, that are requisitioncd out of stock as required, to be assembled as units to carriage-frames. This method of assembling parts into units is an important factor in the assembly of a complicated machine such as a typewriter, as the final assembly of these pro-assembled units of the machine can be quickly accomplished by a few employees skilled in the art and reduces the assembly interval between the rough and the finished product.

Variations may be resorted to within'the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A typewriting machine including a revoluble platen, a line-space lever, micrometrical means mounted on the line-space lever to predetermine a single line-space unit of rotation for the platen, and settable means to vary the normalposition of the linespace lever to .predetermine some multiple of the single-line-space unit for afull linespace rotation of the platen.

2. A typewriting -machine including a revoluble platen, a line-space lever, micrometrical means mounted on the line-space lever to predetermine a single-line-space unit of rotation for the platen, a back stop, and settable means to vary the relation of said stop to the lever to predetermine some multiple of the single-line-space unit for a full line-space rotation of the platen.

3. A typewriting machine including a carriage and a platen, a line-space lever, micrometrical means mounted on the line-space lever to predetermine a single-line-space unit of rotation for the platen, a back stop pivotally mounted on the carriage to predetermine a normal position for the linespace lever, and means settable to shiftthe stop to predetermine a multiple of the single-line-space unit for a full line-space rotation of the platen.

4. A typcwriting machine including a carriage and a platen, a line-spacelever,micrometrical means mounted on the line-space lever to predetermine a single-line-space unit of rotation for the platen, aback stop for the line-space lever, and means pivotally mounted on thecarriage having an eccentric form to variably shift said stop to predetermine the normal position of the line-space lever for some multiple of the single-linespace unit and a full line-space rotation of theplaten. I

5. A typewriting machine including a carriage and a platen, a line-space lever, micrometrical means mounted on the line-space lever to predetermine a single-line-space unit of rotation for. the platen, a back stop for the line-space lever, and means pivotally mounted on the carriage having an eccentric corrugated outline to variably shift and lock said stop within the depressed sections thereof to predetermine the normal position of the ].inespaee lever for some multiple of the single-line-spaceunit and a full linespace rotation of the platen.

6. A typewriting machine including a carriage and a platen, a line-space lever, mi-

crometrical means mounted 011 the line-space v lever to predetermine a single-line-space unit of rotation for the platen, a back stop for the linespace lever, andmeans pivotally mounted on the carriage having an eccentric corrugated outline including stopdepressions separated by tongues that cam the stop from one depression to another, to shift and lock said stop for a' predetermined normal position of the line-space lever for some multiple of the line-space unit and a full line-space rotation of the platen.

7. A typewriting machine including a revoluble platen, a line-space lever, cam-actuated micrometrical adjusting means mounted upon the line-space lever to predetermine a single-line-space unit of rotation for the platen, and means for multiplying the linespace unit for a full line-space rotation of the platen.

8. A typewriting machine including a revoluble platen, a line-space lever, micrometrical adjusting means including a cam-actuated bell-crank mounted upon the line-space lever to predetermine a single-line-spaoe unitof rotation for the platen, and. means for multiplying the line-space unit for a full line-space rotation of the platen.

9. A typewriting machine including a revoluble platen, a line-space lever, micrometrical adjusting means including a cam and a cam-actuated bell crank, assembled upon the line-space lever and operative as an assembled unit to transmit a line-spacing movement. and means intermediate the bellcrank and platen whereby the bell-crank will convey a preadjusted fullline-space rotation to the platen.

10. A typewriting machine including a rcvoluble platen, a line-space lever. a bellcrank pivotally mounted upon the line-space lever, means connecting the bell-crank and platen to perform a line-spacing movement, means to micrometrically adjust the translation of motion from the bell-crank to pre determine av single-line-space unit of rotation for the platen, and means for multiplying the line-space unit for a full line-space rotation of the platen.

11. A typewriting machine including a revoluble platen, a line-space lever, a bellcrank pivotally mounted upon the line-space lever, means connecting the bell-crank and platen to perform a line-spacing movement, and means mounted upon the line-space lever including a disk-actuated caln operative upon the bell-crank to micrometrically adjust the translation of motion therefrom to predetermine a single-line-space unit of rotation for the platen.

12. A typewriting machine including :1 revoluble platen, a line-space lever, a bellcrank pivotally mounted upon the line-space lever, means connecting the bell-crank and platen to perform a line-spacing movement, means connecting one arm of the bell-crank with the platen to perform a line-spacing movement, and means connected to the other arm of the bell-crank including a disk-actuated cam to vibrate the bellcranlt and micrometrially adjust the translation of motion to the platen.

13. A typewriting machine including a revoluble platen, a line-space lever, a bellerank pivotally mounted on the line-space lever. one arm thereof carrying a pivot, and the other arm having a stud, means connecting the pivot-end of the bellcrank to the platen to perform a line-spacing movement,

and means mounted upon the line-space lever including a spiral groove to engage the stud of the bell-crank to shift a pivot-carrving arm thereof to adjust the translation of motion therefrom to the connections with the platen.

14.11 typcwriting machine including a revoluble platen. a line-space lever. means settable to vary the movement of said lever for multiples of a single-line-space unit. a crank-arm carried by said lever and connected to the platen. and means for adjusting the normal relation of the crank-arm to the line-space lever and to the platen-connections to micrometrically vary the line-space unit of rotation for the platen.

15. A typewriting machine includinga revoluble platen, a line-space lever, means settable to vary the movement of said lever for multiples of a single-line-space unit, a twoarmed crank carried by said lever having one arm thereof connected to the platen, and means on the line-space lever for controlling the oth arm of said crank to adjust the normal relation of the first-named arm to said lever and to the platell-connections to vary a single-linespace unit of rotation for the platen. V

16. A typcwriting machine including a revoluble platen, a line-space lever, and linespacing mechanisi'n adjustable to rotate the platen at one time a minimum line-space distance by a long sweep of the line-space lever, and rotate the platen a maxin'nun linespace distance at another time by a shorter sweep of the line-space lever.

17. A typewriting machine including a carriage, a platen-bearing shaft mounted therein, a line-space lever, a gear fixed to the platen-shaft, a pinion to drive the gear, a gear-sector actuated by said lever to rotate the pinion, and means carried by the gearsector for arresting the line-spacing movement of the platen at a fixed position.

18. A typewriting machine including, a carriage, a platenJJearing shaft mounted therein, a line-space lever. a. gear fixed on the platen-shaft. a pinion to drive the gear, a spindle to carry and drive the pinion. a second pinion to rotate the spindle, a gearscctor actuated by the line-space lever to rotate the second pinion, and stop means carried by the sector to arrest the linc-spacing movement of said lever in a line-space direction.

19. A typewrit-ing machine including a carriage, a platen-hearing shaft mounted therein, a line-space lever, a gear fixed on the platen-shaft, a pinion to drive the gear. a spindle to carry and drive the pinion, a pinion loosely mounted on the spindle, :1 normally open clutch between the two pinions, a gear-sector actuated by the line-space lever to rotate the loose pinion to first close the clutch and then drive the spindle, and stop ion means carried by the sector to arrest the linespacing movement of the line-space lever in a line-spacing direction.

20. A typewriting machine including a carriage, a platen, a platen-shaft, a linespace lever, a gear fixed on the platen-shaft, a pinion for positively driving the gear, a

spindle to carry and drive the pinion,a pinion loosely mounted on the spindle, a twopart clutch, one part fixed to the spindle, and the other part driven. by the loose pinion, means to normally separate the two part clutch, one part fixed to the spindle, and

the other part driven by the loose pinion, means to normally separate the two clutch elements to render them inoperative, a pivoted gear-sector to positively drive the loose pinion, means actuated by the rotation of the loose pinion to render the clutch operative to rotate the platen, and an adjustable connection between the gear-sector and the linespace lever.

22. A typewriting machine including a carriage, a platen, a platen-shaft, a linespace lever, a gear fixed on the platen-shaft, a pinion for positively driving the gear, a spindle to carry and drive the pinion, a pinion loosely mounted on the spindle, a twopart clutch, one part fixed to the spindle, and the other part driven by the loose pinion, means to normally separate the two clutch elements to render them inoperative, a pivoted gear-sector to positively drive the loose pinion, means actuated by the rotation of the loose pinion to render the clutch operative to rotate the platen, and a push-bar pivotally connected to said sector and adjustably connected to the line-space lever.

23. A typewriting machine including a carriage, a platen, a platen-shaft, a linespace lever, a gear fixed on the platen-shaft, a pinion for positively driving the gear, a spindle to carry and drive the pinion, a pinion loosely mounted on the spindle, a two part clutch, one part fixed to the spindle, and the other part driven by the loose pinion, means to normally separate the two clutchelements torender them inoperative, a pivoted gear-sector to positively drive the loose pinion, means actuated by the rotation of the loose pinion to render the clutch operative to rotate the platen, a push-bar connecting the sector to the line-space lever, and adjustable means carried by the line-space lever to vary the extent of motion for the push-bar derived from said lever in a linespacing movement.

24. A typewriting machine including a carriage, a platen, a platenshaft, a linespace lever, a gear fixed on the platenshaft, a pinion for positively driving the gear, .a spindle to carry and drive the pinion, a pinion loosely mounted on the spindle, a two-part clutch, one part fixed to the spindle, and the other part driven by the loose pinion, means to normally separate the two clutch elements to render them inoperative, a gear-sector to positively drive the loose pinion, a push-bar connecting the gear sector with the line-space lever, and means to adjust the bar to said lever and simultaneously adjust the sector to the loose pin ion for a joint operation to predetermine a line-space distance. I p

2-5. A typewriting machine including a carriage, a'platen, a platen-shaft, a linespace lever, a gear fixed on the platent-shait,

a pinion for positively driving the gear, a spindle to carry and drive the pinion, a pinion loosely mounted on the spindle, a two-part clutch, one part fixed to the spinlle, and the other part-driven by the loose pinion, means to normally separate the two clutch-elements to render them inoperative, a gear-sector to positively drive the loose opinion, a line-spacing stop carried by the sector, a push-bar connecting the gear-sector with the line-space lever, and means to adjust the bar to said lever and simultaneously adjust the line-spacing stop to the loose pinion for a joint operation to prede termine a line-space distance. 26. In a typewriting machine, a platen, a. line-space lever, and micrometrical means between said lever and said platen to predetermine a line space unit of rotation for the platen, including a leverage-changing device having a revoluble scroll-cam and also including a train of driving mechanism extending from said cam to the platen, said driving mechanism including a platendrivingpin adjustable by said cam towards and away from the axis of the cam.

27. In a typewriting machine,a platen, a line-space lever, and micrometrical means between said lever and said platen to predetermine a line-space unit of rotation for the platen, including a leverage-changing device having a revoluble scroll-cam and also including a tram or" driving mechanism' extending from the l1ne-spacelever to the platemthe stroke of said lin'e space lever being stopped at one place to lock the platen against overthrow and the return stroke of said lever being limited by stops that are variable for regulating the line-spacing stroke.

drive the gears. a gear-sector always in train with the pinion, a stop carried by the sector and eo-operative with the pinion to arrest the sector and prevent overthrow of the platen, a link connecting the linespaee lever to the gear-sector. and means for adjusting the relation of the link to the line-space lever that operates to idly rotate the sector to predetermine the operative gap between the stop on the sector and the position of the pinion.

LINDEN A. 'llIATCHER. 

